Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amandla avuselelekayo omhlaba athuthuke ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ubuchwepheshe bokuzala amandla e-Photovoltaic senze ukuhlukana okuqhubekayo. Ngo-2024, iphrojekthi ye-Offershooltaic evulekile enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ixhunywe ngempumelelo kugridi eShandong, eChina, eyayiphinde yakhanyisa ukunaka kwemboni ngekusasa le-Offshore Photovoltaics. Le phrojekthi ayigcini ngokuphawula ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic ye-Offshore, kepha futhi ihlinzeka ngesiqondiso esisha sokuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo ngokuzayo. Ngakho-ke, kungani i-Offshore Photovoltaic ithandwa kangaka? Yini amathuba okuthuthuka kwesikhathi esizayo?
1. Izinzuzo ze-Offshore Photovoltaics: Kungani kufanelekile ukuba ngcono?
I-Offshore Photovoltaics (i-Offshore Floating PV) isho ukufakwa kwamamojula we-Photovoltaic endaweni yolwandle ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Photovoltaics yendabuko ye-Photovoltaics, inezinzuzo eziningi:
1. Ukulondolozwa kwezinsizakusebenza zomhlaba
Iziteshi zikagesi ze-Photovoltaic zihlala izinsizakusebenza eziningi zomhlaba, ngenkathi i-Photovoltaics ye-Offshore zisebenzisa i-Ocean Space, esiza ukunciphisa izinkinga zengxabano zomhlaba, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi noma ezindaweni ezinezinsizakusebenza zomhlaba ezinqabile.
2. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla aphezulu
Ngenxa yokushisa okuzinzile olwandle, umphumela opholile womzimba wamanzi wenza izinga lokushisa lamamojula we-photovoltaic aphansi, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi isizukulwane samandla se-Photovoltaics se-Offshore singaba ngo-5% ~ 10% ngaphezulu kunaleso se-Photovoltaics.
3. Ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwamandla avuselelekayo
I-Offshore Photovoltaics ingahlanganiswa namandla omoya osogwini lokwakha "uhlelo lwamandla osondelene nololo lwelanga ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwamandla.
Ingahlanganiswa futhi nezimboni ezinjengezimboni ze-Marine Ranching and Seawater Desalination ukufezekisa ukuthuthukiswa okuhlanganisiwe.
4. Yehlisa ukuvinjwa kothuli futhi uthuthukise ukuhlanzeka kwamaphaneli we-Photovoltaic
I-Land Photovoltaics ithinteka kalula ngesihlabathi nodaka, okuphumela ekungcoleni komhlaba kwamamojula we-Photovoltaic, ngenkathi i-Photovoltaics ye-Offshore ayithinteki kangako yilokhu futhi inezindleko eziphansi zokulungiswa.
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Ukuxhumeka kwegridi okuphumelelayo kwephrojekthi ye-Photovoltaic evulekile emhlabeni jikelele eDonginging, Shandong, kuphawula isigaba esisha se-Photovoltaics ye-Offshore ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu nasezentengiselwano. Izici zephrojekthi zifaka:
1. Umthamo omkhulu ofakiwe
2. Ibanga elide lika-phesheya kwezilwandle
3. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe: ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingamelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza okuhlakaniphile nokusebenza kanye namakakati kanye namabakaki okuntanta athuthukise ukwethenjwa nokuqina kwephrojekthi.
Le phrojekthi akuyona nje into ebalulekile ebaluleke kakhulu ekuguqulweni kwamandla aseChina, kodwa futhi ihlinzeka ngesipiliyoni sawo nakwamanye amazwe okufanele afunde kuwo futhi athuthukise ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Photovoltaics ye-Global Offshore.
III. Isimo samanje kanye nezitayela zesikhathi esizayo ze-Photovoltaics ye-Global Offshore
1. Amazwe amakhulu lapho ama-photovoltaics asetshenziswa khona njengamanje asetshenziswa njengamanje
Njengamanje, ngaphezu kweChina, amazwe anjengeNetherlands, iJapan, kanye ne-Singapore asebenzisa i-Photovoltaics ye-Offshore.
I-Netherlands: ekuqaleni kuka-2019, i- "North Sea" Project yethulwe ukuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi ama-photovoltaics aseNorth Sea.
I-Japan: Inqunyelwe yindawo yezwe, ithuthukise ngobuhlakani ubuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic technology eminyakeni yamuva futhi yakha iziteshi zikagesi ze-Photovoltaic eziningana.
I-Singapore: Iphrojekthi ye-Photovoltaic enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni (60mw) yakhiwe futhi iyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-photovoltaic.
2. Izindlela zesikhathi esizayo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Photovoltaics
(1) Ukuthuthukiswa Okuhlanganisiwe namandla Wind Showshore
Esikhathini esizayo, ama-photovoltaics aphesheya kwezilwandle kanye nomoya womoya osogwini azokwakha imodeli ethi "Umoya-Solar Speakeral", usebenzisa indawo efanayo yendawo yokuthuthukiswa kwamandla. Lokhu akukwazi ukunciphisa izindleko zokwakha kuphela, kepha futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
(2) Ukuqhekeka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuncishiswa kwezindleko
Njengamanje, i-Offshore Photovoltaics isebhekene nezinselelo zezobuchwepheshe ezifana nomoya wokufafaza usawoti, umoya kanye nomthelela womoya kanye nokulungiswa okunzima. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe obufana nezingxenye ze-Photovoltaic ezivimbela ukukhulisa, ukusebenza okukhaliphile kanye nokugcinwa, kanye nokuphathwa kahle kwe-AI, izindleko zokwakha i-Offshore Photovoltaics zizokwehla kancane ngokuzayo.
(3) Ukuxhaswa kwenqubomgomo nokutshalwa kwezimali
Ohulumeni bamazwe ahlukahlukene bayandisa ukusekelwa kwabo kwenqubomgomo ye-Photovoltaics ye-Offshore, ngokwesibonelo:
I-China: Uhlelo lwe- "14th lweminyaka emihlanu" lusekela ngokusobala ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha asogwini futhi futhi kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okuhlanganisiwe kwama-photovoltaics aphesheya komoya kanye namandla omoya asogwini.
I-EU: Ihlongoze i- "European Green Deal" kanye nezinhlelo zokwakha isisekelo samandla esilinganiselwe esisezingeni eliphakeme ngo-2050, lapho ama-Photovoltaics azophendula ngesabelo esibalulekile.
IV. IZINSELELE NEZIMALI ZOKUXHUMANISA I-Photovoltaics
Yize ama-Photovoltaics ka-Offshore anamathemba abanzi, asabhekana nezinselelo ezithile, njenge:
1. Izinselelo zezobuchwepheshe
Umoya nomoya wokumelana nomoya wokumelana: Izingxenye ze-Photovoltaic kanye namabakaki kudingeka zibekezelela izindawo ezihlaselayo zasolwandle (ezinjengezivunguvungu namagagasi aphezulu).
Izinto zokulwa nokuwohloka: Amanzi olwandle awonaka kakhulu, futhi amamojula we-Photovoltaic, amabakaki, izixhumi, njll. Udinga ukusebenzisa izinto ezivimbela uSolst Wish.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-25-2025