Kupanga milu yachitsulo sikophweka monga momwe mukuganizira. Ngati mukufuna zotsatira zabwino zomanga, zambiri ndizofunikira.
1. Zofunikira zonse
1. Malo a milu yachitsulo yachitsulo ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe kuti athandize ntchito yomanga maziko a ngalande, ndiko kuti, pali malo othandizira formwork ndi kuchotsa kunja kwa m'mphepete odziwika kwambiri a maziko.
2. The thandizo ndege masanjidwe mawonekedwe a maziko dzenje ngalande zitsulo pepala milu ayenera molunjika ndi mwaukhondo monga n'kotheka, ndi ngodya zosakhazikika ayenera kupewedwa kuti atsogolere ntchito ndi kuthandizira kukhazikitsidwa kwa muyezo zitsulo milu milu. Miyeso yozungulira iyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi module ya board momwe mungathere.
3. Pa nthawi yonse yomanga maziko, pa ntchito yomanga monga kukumba, kukweza, kulimbikitsa mipiringidzo, ndi kuthira konkire, sikuloledwa kugundana ndi zogwiriziza, kuthyola zogwirizira, kudula mwachisawawa kapena kuwotcherera pazothandizira, ndi zida zolemera ziyenera osayikidwa pazothandizira. zinthu.
2. Thandizo la mzere woyezera
Malinga ndi kapangidwe kagawo kakang'ono m'lifupi mwa dzenje la maziko ndi kukumba ngalande, mzere wachitsulo woyendetsa mulu wazitsulo umayesedwa ndikumasulidwa, ndipo malo oyendetsa mulu wazitsulo amalembedwa ndi laimu woyera.
3. Malo olowera ndi malo osungiramo mapepala achitsulo
Konzani nthawi yolowera milu yazitsulo zachitsulo molingana ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito yomanga kapena malo a malo kuti atsimikizire kuti kumanga milu yazitsulo kumakwaniritsa zofunikira. Malo owunjika a milu yachitsulo amamwazikana motsatira mizere yothandizira malinga ndi zofunikira zomanga ndi malo omwe ali pamalopo kuti apewe kusanjika kwapakati kuti awononge yachiwiri. kunyamula.
4. Ndondomeko yomanga mulu wazitsulo zachitsulo
Kuyika ndi kuyala - kukumba ngalande - kukhazikitsa matabwa owongolera - kuyendetsa milu yazitsulo - kugwetsa matabwa - kugwetsa matabwa - kupanga ma purlins ndi zothandizira - kukumba pansi - kumanga maziko (lamba wotumizira mphamvu) - kuchotsa zothandizira - kumanga nyumba yayikulu ya chipinda chapansi. - Kubwezeretsanso pansi - Kuchotsa milu yazitsulo - kuchiritsa mipata pambuyo potulutsa milu yazitsulo.
5. Kuyang'ana, kukweza ndi kuyika milu yachitsulo
1. Kuyang'ana milu yazitsulo zamapepala
Pamilu yazitsulo zachitsulo, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuwunika kwazinthu ndikuwunika mawonekedwe kuti athe kukonza milu yazitsulo zosagwira ntchito ndikuchepetsa zovuta pakumanga.
(1) Kuyang'anira mawonekedwe: kuphatikiza zolakwika zapamtunda, kutalika, m'lifupi, makulidwe, chiŵerengero cha rectangle yomaliza, kuwongoka ndi mawonekedwe a loko, etc. Dziwani:
a. Zida zowotcherera zomwe zimakhudza kuyendetsa milu yazitsulo ziyenera kudulidwa;
b. Mabowo odulidwa ndi zolakwika za gawo ziyenera kulimbikitsidwa;
c. Ngati mulu wachitsulo wachitsulo wawonongeka kwambiri, makulidwe ake enieni ayenera kuyeza. M'malo mwake, milu yonse yachitsulo iyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti iwoneke bwino.
(2) Kuwunika kwazinthu: Chitani mayeso okwanira pakupanga kwamankhwala ndi makina amakina azitsulo zachitsulo. Kuphatikizira kusanthula kwachitsulo, kuyezetsa ndi kupindika kwa zigawo, kuyezetsa mphamvu zokhoma ndi kuyesa kwa elongation, ndi zina zambiri. Chilichonse cha mulu wazitsulo zachitsulo chidzayesedwa osachepera limodzi ndi mayeso opindika: mayeso awiri azitsanzo azichitika pachitsulo chilichonse. pepala mulu wolemera 20-50t.
2. Kukweza mulu wazitsulo zachitsulo
Njira yokwezera mfundo ziwiri iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokweza ndi kutsitsa milu yachitsulo. Mukakweza, kuchuluka kwa milu yachitsulo yomwe imakwezedwa nthawi iliyonse sikuyenera kukhala yochulukirapo, ndipo chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa poteteza loko kuti zisawonongeke. Njira zonyamulira zimaphatikizapo kukweza mtolo ndi kukweza kamodzi. Kukweza mtolo nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zachitsulo, pomwe kukweza kamodzi nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito zofalitsa zapadera.
3. Kumanga milu yazitsulo zamapepala
Malo omwe milu yazitsulo zazitsulo zimayikidwa ziyenera kusankhidwa pa malo ophwanyika komanso olimba omwe sangabweretse kusokonezeka kwakukulu chifukwa cha kupanikizika, ndipo ziyenera kukhala zosavuta kunyamula kupita kumalo omangamanga. Pamene stacking, chonde tcheru ku:
(1) Dongosolo, malo, mayendedwe ndi masanjidwe a ndege a stacking ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakumanga kwamtsogolo;
(2) Milu yachitsulo yachitsulo imayikidwa padera malinga ndi chitsanzo, ndondomeko ndi kutalika, ndipo zizindikiro zimayikidwa pamalo osungira;
(3) Milu yachitsulo yazitsulo iyenera kuikidwa m'magulu, ndi chiwerengero cha milu pamtundu uliwonse nthawi zambiri sichidutsa 5. Zogona ziyenera kuikidwa pakati pa wosanjikiza uliwonse. Kutalikirana pakati pa ogona nthawi zambiri kumakhala 3 ~ 4m, ndipo chosanjikiza chapamwamba ndi chakumunsi cha ogona ayenera kukhala pamzere woyima womwewo. Kutalika konse kwa stacking sikuyenera kupitirira 2m.
6. Kuyika kwa chimango chowongolera
Pakumanga mulu wazitsulo, kuti muwonetsetse malo olondola a mulu wa muluwo komanso kukhazikika kwa muluwo, kuwongolera kuyendetsa bwino kwa muluwo, kuletsa kusinthika kwa mulu wa pepala ndikuwongolera mphamvu yolowera muluwo. zambiri zofunika kukhazikitsa kuuma kwina, Wamphamvu kalozera chimango, amatchedwanso "kumanga purlin".
Chowongoleracho chimatengera mawonekedwe amtundu umodzi wokhala ndi mbali ziwiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zowongolera ndi milu ya purlin. Kutalika kwa milu ya purlin nthawi zambiri kumakhala 2.5-3.5m. Mtunda pakati pa mipanda iwiri-mbali sikuyenera kukhala yaikulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yokulirapo pang'ono kuposa khoma la mulu wa mapepala. Kukula kwake ndi 8-15 mm. Mukakhazikitsa chimango chowongolera, muyenera kulabadira mfundo izi:
(1) Gwiritsani ntchito theodolite ndi mulingo kuti muwongolere ndikusintha malo amtengo wowongolera.
(2) Kutalika kwa chiwongolerocho kuyenera kukhala koyenera, komwe kumakhala koyenera kuwongolera kutalika kwa milu yazitsulo zamapepala ndikuwongolera ntchito yomanga.
(3) Mtengo wowongolera sungathe kumira kapena kuwonongeka pamene milu yachitsulo imayendetsedwa mozama.
(4) Malo achitsulo chowongolera ayenera kukhala okhazikika momwe angathere ndipo sayenera kugundana ndi milu yazitsulo zachitsulo.
7. Mulu wachitsulo woyendetsa galimoto
Kupanga milu yazitsulo zachitsulo kumakhudzana ndi kutsekeka kwa madzi ndi chitetezo, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri pomanga ntchitoyi. Pakumanga, zomanga zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa:
(1) Milu yachitsulo yachitsulo imayendetsedwa ndi chofukula cha crawler. Musanayendetse galimoto, muyenera kudziŵa bwino momwe mapaipi apansi panthaka ndi zomangamanga zimakhalira, ndikuyala mosamala mzere wolondola wapakati wa milu yothandizira.
(2) Musanayambe kuunjika, yang'anani milu yazitsulo imodzi ndi imodzi ndikuchotsani milu yazitsulo zokhala ndi dzimbiri komanso zopunduka kwambiri pamaloko. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha atakonzedwa ndikuphatikizidwa. Zomwe sizili oyenerera pambuyo pokonza ndizoletsedwa.
(3) Musanaphatikizepo, mafuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsekera kwa mulu wazitsulo zachitsulo kuti athandize kuyendetsa galimoto ndikutulutsa mulu wazitsulo.
(4) Panthawi yoyendetsa milu yazitsulo zazitsulo, kutsetsereka kwa mulu uliwonse kumayang'aniridwa pamodzi ndi muyeso. Pamene kupatukako kuli kwakukulu kwambiri ndipo sikungasinthidwe ndi njira yokoka, iyenera kuzulidwa ndikuyendetsedwanso.
(5) Limbikitsani mwamphamvu ndikuonetsetsa kuti dothi liri losachepera mamita 2 mutatha kukumba kuti muwonetsetse kuti milu yachitsulo ikhoza kutsekedwa bwino; makamaka milu yazitsulo zamakona ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakona anayi a chitsime choyendera. Ngati palibe milu yazitsulo yotereyi, gwiritsani ntchito matayala akale kapena milu yazitsulo zowola. Njira zothandizira monga zomangira zitsulo ziyenera kutsekedwa bwino kuti madzi asatayike kuti asachotse zinyalala ndikupangitsa kugwa kwa nthaka.
(6) Pofukula ngalande ya maziko, yang'anani kusintha kwa milu yazitsulo zachitsulo nthawi iliyonse. Ngati pali kugubuduzika kodziwikiratu kapena kukweza, nthawi yomweyo yonjezerani zothandizira zofananira pazigawo zogubuduzika kapena zokwezeka.
8. Kuchotsa milu yachitsulo yachitsulo
Pambuyo podzaza dzenje la maziko, milu yachitsulo iyenera kuchotsedwa kuti igwiritsidwenso ntchito. Musanayambe kuchotsa zitsulo pepala milu, zinayendera ndi nthawi kukoka milu ndi nthaka dzenje mankhwala ayenera kuphunzira mosamala. Kupanda kutero, chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa mulu wokoka komanso dothi lochulukirapo pa mulu wotulutsa, zingayambitse kukhazikika kwapansi ndi kusamuka, zomwe zingawononge nyumba yomangidwa mobisa komanso kukhudza chitetezo cha nyumba zoyambira, nyumba kapena mapaipi apansi panthaka. . , ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyesa kuchepetsa kuchotsedwa kwa dothi kwa milu. Pakalipano, njira zodzaza madzi ndi mchenga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka.
(1) Njira yokoka milu
Ntchitoyi ingagwiritse ntchito nyundo yogwedezeka kuti itulutse milu: kugwedezeka kokakamiza kopangidwa ndi nyundo yogwedeza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kusokoneza nthaka ndi kuwononga mgwirizano wa nthaka kuzungulira milu yazitsulo zachitsulo kuti zigonjetse mulu kukoka kukana, ndikudalira zowonjezera. kukweza mphamvu kutulutsa milu.
(2) Zinthu zofunika kuzindikila pozula milu
a. Poyambira ndi njira yotulutsira milu: Pamakoma a milu yazitsulo zotsekedwa, poyambira kukokera milu iyenera kukhala osachepera 5 kutali ndi milu yamakona. Malo oyambira kuchotsa milu akhoza kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili panthawi ya kumira mulu, ndipo njira yodumpha ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati kuli kofunikira. Ndi bwino kutulutsa miluyo motsatira dongosolo kuti muyendetse.
b. Kugwedera ndi kugwedera kukoka: Mukakoka milu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyundo yogwedezeka kuti mugwedeze loko lokoka kwa mulu wa pepala kuti muchepetse kumatira kwa dothi, kenako ndikutulutsa uku mukunjenjemera. Pa milu ya mapepala yomwe imakhala yovuta kutulutsa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyundo ya dizilo poyamba kugwedeza muluwo mpaka 100 ~ 300mm, kenako kunjenjemera mosinthana ndikutulutsa muluwo ndi nyundo yonjenjemera.
c. Crane iyenera kudzazidwa pang'onopang'ono ndikuyamba nyundo yogwedezeka. Mphamvu yonyamulira nthawi zambiri imakhala yocheperako pang'ono poyerekeza ndi malire a kasupe wa shock absorber.
d. Mphamvu ya nyundo yogwedezeka ndi 1.2 ~ 2.0 kuchulukitsa mphamvu ya nyundo yogwedezeka yokha.
(3) Ngati mulu wachitsulo sungathe kutulutsidwa, zotsatirazi zitha kuchitidwa:
a. Imenyeninso ndi nyundo yogwedeza kuti mugonjetse kukana komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi kumamatira kunthaka ndi dzimbiri pakati pa kuluma;
b. Kokani milu motsatira dongosolo lakumbuyo la kuyendetsa mulu wamapepala;
c. Dothi lomwe lili m'mbali mwa mulu wa pepala lomwe limanyamula mphamvu ya dothi ndi lolimba. Kuyendetsa mulu wina wa pepala pafupi nawo kudzalola kuti mulu woyambirira wa pepala utulutsidwe bwino;
d. Pangani mizere kumbali zonse za mulu wa pepala ndikuyika mu dothi kuti muchepetse kukana potulutsa muluwo.
(4) Mavuto wamba ndi mayankho pakumanga mulu wachitsulo:
a. Tsatani. Chifukwa cha vutoli ndi kuti kukana pakati pa mulu kuti loyendetsedwa ndi loko pakamwa pa mulu moyandikana ndi lalikulu, pamene kukana malowedwe mu malangizo a mulu kuyendetsa ndi yaing'ono. Njira zothandizira zikuphatikizapo: kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira, kuyang'anira ndi kukonza nthawi iliyonse panthawi yomanga; kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zachitsulo pamene kupendekera kumachitika. Kokani thupi la mulu, kukoka ndikuyendetsa, ndikuwongolera pang'onopang'ono; perekani malipiro oyenera pamilu ya mapepala yomwe imayendetsedwa poyamba.
b. Kupotoza. Chifukwa cha vutoli: loko ndi kugwirizana hinged; yankho lake ndi: gwiritsani ntchito mbale yotsekera kuti mutseke loko kutsogolo kwa mulu wa pepala kuti muwunjike; kukhazikitsa pulley bulaketi mu kusiyana mbali zonse pakati pa zitsulo pepala milu kuti asiye pepala mulu Kuzungulira pa kumira; lembani mbali zonse ziwiri za ma haps otsekera a milu iwiri yamapepala ndi shims ndi nsonga zamatabwa.
c. Ambiri olumikizidwa. Chifukwa: zitsulo pepala mulu tilts ndi anapinda, amene kumawonjezera kukana mphako; njira zothandizira zimaphatikizapo: kukonza kupendekeka kwa mulu wa pepala mu nthawi; kukonza kwakanthawi milu yoyandikana nayo ndi kuwotcherera chitsulo.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-29-2023